Man took one of his greatest steps forward on the road to civilization, when he began to domesticate animals. Nobody knew the exact time when it was started and that it was before recorded history. After the dog cattle, sheep, goats and pigs became domesticated. The beasts of burden such as the camel, the yak and the ass were probably domesticated in Central Asia. This is not surprising that the earliest domestic animals were those which could maintain the food supply. Dog, cattle, sheep goats furnished meat or milk or both. Bird probably followed soon after. Pigeons besides being good to eat have done a good job as messengers since Biblical times. The ass and the camel were probably man's first beast of burden. The horse was domesticated later. Elephants were domesticated and put to work by man many centuries ago. In Latin America, the llamas are used to carry burdens for uncounted ages. Cats were started to be domesticate in Egypt about 3600 years ago.
The period in which people began to domesticate animals and cultivate crops is called the Neolithic. It is likely that the domestication of animals may have begun in the pre-ceeding Mesolithic . The Neolithic in what is now Britain and Ireland began around 4200- 4000 years ago. However it really began as such in the region called the Fertile Crescent, Anatolia a couple of thousands years before it reached Britain. It took years for the gather-hunter lifestyle to be replaced by farming and in many areas the two existed side by side well after the begining of the Neolithic.